American Indians & Alaska Natives
- The word "cancer" does not translate into most of the over 300 indigenous languages. Few tongues translate cancer as "the disease that eats the body or for which there is no cure".
- Cancer is often seen as a "white man's disease". Thus, tribal healers encourage Western medicine in addition to traditional Indian medicine and spiritual healing practices in treatment.
- Children are likely to accompany patients to clinic visits; because they are viewed as blessings from the Creator, they are included in almost all activities.
- Elders are considered wise with vast knowledge and experience. It may even be helpful to seek their permission before information is shared with the patient or other family members.
- Pausing while speaking is a natural way of communicating, not to be misinterpreted as a lack of understanding or non-interest.
- Traditional healing practices typically include a holistic approach of mind, body, and spiritual practices such as chanting, prayer, and dancing.
- Herbal medicine is widely used, including the use of many herbs not commonly available (such as goldenseal or devils' club). Assess and document herbs like any other medicine because many herbs can interfere with cancer chemotherapy.